![]() For example, it is still unknown how long cord blood can safely be frozen without losing its beneficial effects. Given that this idea is quite new, there is still a lot of research that needs to be completed. Therefore a sufficient amount of cord blood must be obtained in order to collect an adequate cell dose, however this amount varies from infant to infant and is irreplaceable. Moise's article about umbilical cord blood, it was found that there is approximately 10% less stem cells in cord blood than there is in bone marrow. In many cases, the engraftment time depends on the cell dose, or the amount of stem cells obtained in the sample of blood. This process of neutrophil and platelet production after the transplant, however, takes much longer than that of stem cells. To assure that the smallest amount of complications occur during transplantation, levels of engraftment must be present specifically both neutrophils and platelets must be being produced. Adverse effects in transplantation Īdverse effects are similar to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, namely graft-versus-host disease if the cord blood is from a genetically different person, and the risk of severe infection while the immune system is reconstituted. Medical uses Ĭord blood is used the same way that hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is used to reconstitute bone marrow following radiation treatment for various blood cancers, and for various forms of anemia. Unlike embryonic stem cells which are pluripotent, cord blood stem cells are multipotent. ![]() Endothelial progenitor cells and multipotent unrestricted adult stem cells can also be found in cord blood. Some non-hematopoietic stem cell types are also present in cord blood, for example, mesenchymal stem cells, however these are present in much lower numbers than what can be found in adult bone marrow. ![]() However, the interest in cord blood is mostly driven by the observation that cord blood also contains various types of stem and progenitor cells, mostly hematopoietic stem cells. Compared to whole blood some differences in the blood composition exist, for example, cord blood contains higher numbers of natural killer cells, lower absolute number of T-cells and a higher proportion of immature T-cells. There is growing interest from cell therapeutics companies in developing genetically modified allogenic natural killer cells from umbilical cord blood as an alternative to CAR T cell therapies for rare diseases.Ĭord blood is composed of all the elements found in whole blood – red blood cells, white blood cells, plasma, platelets. Cord blood is collected because it contains stem cells, which can be used to treat hematopoietic and genetic disorders such as cancer. Cord blood ( umbilical cord blood) is blood that remains in the placenta and in the attached umbilical cord after childbirth.
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